Step 6: Use these advanced techniques to clean up spyware

If you have a greater familiarity with the inner workings of your Windows system, you can take the next step and do a more meticulous cleanup. Here are some of the best things to look for. (Note that Spybot - Search & Destroy has built-in tools for managing many of these problems.)

BHOs: Browser Helper Objects, as described above, are plug-ins for IE that can be installed through a Web page. Some are benign and even useful (i.e., Microsoft's own Research BHO), but any unknown BHOs should be disabled. In IE, select Tools | Internet Options | Programs | Manage Add-Ons to see the list of browser plug-ins, or Browser Helper Objects (BHOs) present in IE.

Startup: Unwanted programs often load themselves at startup. Spybot - Search & Destroy lets you browse the startup list and prune out anything that looks like it doesn't belong there. However, be careful what you turn off: Some of those programs may be legitimate.

Changes to the HOSTS file: The HOSTS file, a plaintext file with no extension found in windowssystem32driversetc., contains a list of pre-resolved network addresses. Usually this only contains an entry for localhost, and unless it's been set as read only, many spyware programs love to load it up with misleading entries. For instance, a spyware program may redirect Microsoft.com to its own servers. Set HOSTS to read only whenever possible (this is something Spybot - Search & Destroy allows).

How to remove spyware

 Home: Introduction
 Step 1: Get familiar with spyware now if not already
 Step 2: Know where spyware comes from
 Step 3: Recognize how spyware acts
 Step 4: Understand what damage spyware can cause
 Step 5: Choose tools to clean up spyware
 Step 6: Use these advanced techniques to clean up spyware
 Step 7: Install service packs to prevent spyware infections
 Step 8: Take additional initiatives to prevent spyware infections
 Step 9: Plan ahead for new spyware tactics